Posterior tibial artery, via lateral plantar and plantar metatarsal arteriesĪlthough small, the dorsal interossei are strong muscles that in synergy with the plantar interossei flex the lateral three toes at the metatarsophalangeal joints.Anterior tibial artery, via dorsalis pedis and dorsal metatarsal arteries.The vascularization of dorsal interossei muscles comes from several small arteries in the foot Innervationĭorsal interossei muscles of the foot are innervated by lateral plantar nerve (S2-S3), which is a branch of the tibial nerve. These openings between the heads of second to fourth muscles serve as passageways for posterior perforating arteries on their way to the sole of foot, while the corresponding opening between the heads of the first dorsal interosseus muscle transmits the dorsalis pedis artery. Since the heads of dorsal interossei converge toward each other in an anteromedial fashion, they bound the angular spaces in the proximal parts of intermetatarsal intervals. In this article, we will discuss the anatomy and function of the dorsal interossei muscles of the foot.ĭorsal interossei muscles run deep to the muscles of the third layer of the plantar muscles flexor hallucis brevis, adductor hallucis and flexor digiti minimi brevis. Metatarsophalangeal joints 2-4: toe flexion, toe abduction Interphalangeal joints 2-4: toe extensionĪrcuate artery, dorsal and plantar metatarsal arteries Key facts about the dorsal interossei muscles of the foot Originġ: Medial base of proximal phalanx of digitĢ-4: Lateral bases of proximal phalanges and extensor expansion of digits 2-4 These muscles are known as bipennate muscles, which means that they consist of two muscle bellies that converge towards the centrally positioned tendon. The functions of dorsal interossei are the toe flexion and abduction on the metatarsophalangeal joints, and toe extension on the interphalangeal joints. Going from medial to lateral (in transverse plane) dorsal interossei are counted from one to four the first being the most medial and the fourth being the most lateral.
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